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Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 2 – Chapter 2 Hazards -English Medium

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

8th Social Science – Geography Book Back

& Questions Answers (solution)

Term 2

2. Hazards

8th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 2 – Chapter 2 Hazards Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi – English Medium

I. Choose the correct answer

  1. ……………. percentage of nitrogen is present in the air.
    (a) 78.09%
    (b) 74.08%
    (c) 80.07%
    (d) 76.63%
    Answer: (a) 78.09%

2. Tsunami in Indian Ocean took place in the s ear …………….
(a) 1990
(b) 2004
(c) 2005
(d) 2008
Answer: (b) 2004

3. The word tsunami is derived from ……………. language.
(a) Hindi
(b) French
(c) Japanese
(d) German
Answer: (c) Japanese

4. The example of surface water is –
(a) Artesian well
(b) Groundwater
(c) Subsurface water
(d) Lake
Answer: (d) Lake

5. Event that occurs due to the failure of monsoons.
(a) Condensation
(b) Drought
(c) Evaporation
(d) Precipitation
Answer: (b) Drought

II. Fill in the blanks

  1. Hazards may lead to ……………..
  2. Landslide is an example of …………….. hazard.
  3. On the basis of origin, hazard can be grouped into …………….. categories.
  4. Terrorism is an example of …………….. hazard.
  5. Oxides of Nitrogen are …………….. pollutants which affects the human beings.
  6. Chernobyl nuclear accident took place in ……………..

Answer:

  1. disaster
  2. Geologic (or) Seismic
  3. Eight
  4. Human – induced
  5. Primary
  6. 26th April 1986

III. Match the following

Answer:

IV Answer in brief

1. Define ‘hazard’.
    Answer:
   ‘Hazards are defined as a thing, person, event or factor that poses a threat to people, structures or economic assets and which may cause a disaster.’

2. What are the major types of hazards?
    Answer:

  1. Atmospheric hazard
  2. Geologic 7 Seismic hazard
  3. Hydrologic hazard
  4. Volcanic hazard
  5. Environmental hazard
  6. Biological hazard
  7. Human – induced hazard
  8. Technological hazard

3. Write a brief note on hazardous wastes.
    Answer:
    The wastes that may or tend to cause adverse health effects on the ecosystem and human beings are called hazardous wastes.

4. List out the major flood prone areas of our country.
    Answer:

  1. The major flood prone areas in north and northeast India are, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, North Bihar, West Bengal and Brahmaputra valley.
  2. Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Southern Gujarat are the other regions which are also prone to flood often.

5. Mention the types of drought.
    Answer:
    Drought could be classified into three types. They are:

  1. Meteorological drought
  2. Hydrological drought
  3. Agricultural drought

6. Why should not we construct houses at foothill areas?
    Answer:
    We should not construct houses at foothill areas because it has rapid downward movement of rocks and soil and vegetation down the slope under the influence of gravity which leads to landslides.

V. Distinguish the following :

1. Hazards and disasters.
    Answer:
    1. Hazard:
A natural hazard is a natural process and event that is a potential threat to human life and property.

   2. Disasters:
A disaster is a hazardous event that occurs over a limited time span in a defined area and causes great damage to property / loss of life, also needs assistance from others.

2. Natural hazard and human-made hazard.
    Answer:
    Natural Hazards:

  1. These are the results of natural processes and man has no role to play in such hazards.
  2. For example: Earthquakes, Floods, Cyclonic storms and volcanic eruption etc.

    Human – made – Hazards:

  1. These are caused by undesirable activities of human. It can be the result of an accident such as an industrial chemical leak or oil spill.
  2. For example: Hazardous wastes, pollution of air, water and land etc.

3. Flood and drought.
    Answer:
    Flood:

  1. Flood is an event in which a part of the earth’s surface gets inundated.
  2. Heavy rainfall and large waves in seas are the common causes of flood.

    Drought:

  1. Any lack of water to satisfy the normal needs of agriculture, livestock, industry or human population may be termed as a drought.
  2. Droughts in India occur in the event of a failure of monsoon.

4. Earthquake and tsunami.
    Answer:
1. Earthquake:
Earthquake is a violent tremor in the earth’s crust, sending out a series of stock waves in all directions from its place of origin.

2. Tsunami:
Tsunami refers to huge ocean waves caused by an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption. It is generally noticed in the coastal regions and travel between 640 and 960 Km/h.

VI. Answer in a paragraph

1. Write an essay on air pollution.
    Answer:
    Pollution of Air :

1. Air is a mixture of several gases.

2. The main gases are nitrogen (78.09%) for forming products such as fertilizers for plants and for making the air inert, oxygen (20.95%) for breathing and carbon dioxide (0.03%) for photosynthesis.

3. Some other gases like argon, neon, helium, krypton, hydrogen, zenon and methane are also present.

4. Air pollution is the contamination of the indoor or outdoor air by a range of gases. Air pollution can be categorized into primary and secondary pollutants.

5. A primary pollutant is an air pollutant emitted directly from a source.

6. A secondary pollutant is not directly emitted.

7. Primary pollutants are as follows:

  • Oxides of Sulphur
  • Oxides of Nitrogen
  • Oxides of Carbon
  • Particulate Matter and
  • Other primary pollutants

8. Secondary pollutants are as follows:

  • Ground Level Ozone
  • Smog

2. Define earthquake and list out its effects.
    Answer:
Earthquakes:
Earthquake is a violent tremor in the earth’s crust, sending out a series of shock waves in all directions from its place of origin.

Effects of Earthquakes:

  1. The Primary effects of earthquakes are ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, Tsunamis and soil liquefaction.
  2. The Secondary effects of earthquakes are fires.
  3. The effects of earthquakes are terrible and devasting. Thus leads to distraction of buildings, loss of money, property and lines of people. This affects the mental and emotional health of people.

3. Give a detailed explanation on the causes of landslides.
    Answer:

1. Landslide is a rapid downward movement of rock, soil and vegetation down the slope under the influence of gravity.

2. The causes of landslides are wide ranging, They have two aspects in common.

3. Force of gravity and

4. Failure of Soil

5. Landslides are considered of two types. They are:

  • Naturally occuring disaster.
  • Human induced changes in the environment.

6. Natural causes of landslides are:

  • Climatic changes
  • Seismic activities
  • Weathering
  • Soil erosion
  • Forest fires
  • Gravity and
  • Volcanic eruption

7. Human causes of landslides includes deforestation mining, construction of roads and railways over the mountain.

4. Elaborately discuss the effects water pollution.
    Answer:
    Water Pollution:

  1. Water pollution may be defined as alteration in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water which may cause harmful effects in human and aquatic life.
  2. In India, water pollution has been taking place on a large scale.
  3. Some of these waterborne diseases are Typhoid, Cholera, Paratyphoid fever, Dysentery, Jaundice and Malaria.
  4. Chemicals in the water also have negative effects on our health.
  5. Pesticides – can damage the nervous system and cause cancer because of the Carbonates and organophosphere that they may contain.
  6. Both surface and groundwater bodies are polluted to a great extent.

VII. Activities

1. Name the hazards which you have identified.


Answer:
Activity to be done by the students.

2. List out the hazards that occur frequently and occasionally in your place.

Answer:
Activity to be done by the students.

3. On the map of Tamilnadu shade the 13 coastal districts in different colors.
Answer:

 

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Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Poem Chapter 1 Making Life Worth While

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Solutions Term 2 Poem Chapter 1 Making Life Worth While

Poem Chapter 1 Making Life Worth While

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th English Guide Making Life Worth While Textual Exercise Questions and Answers

Making Life Worthwhile Poem Lines and Explanation

Line Nos. Poem Lines Explanation
1-3 Every soul that touches yours –
Be it the slightest contact –
Get there from some good;		 We should learn the good from every soul that touches our heart. It
may also be the slightest contact.
4-5 Some little grace; one kindly thought;
One aspiration yet unfelt;		 Some little charm, one kind thought, a hope or an ambition of achieving a desire or a wish.
6-7 One bit of courage
For the darkening sky;		 We need a bit of bravery to step into the darkening world.
8-9 One gleam of faith
To brave the thickening ilk of life;		 A faith that shines brightly to face the evils and obstacles of life.
10-12 One glimpse of brighter skies –
To make this life, worthwhile
And heaven a surer heritage.		 A quick look at the brighter side of our life will make our life valuable and then surely heaven would be our inherited property.

1. Comprehension questions.

1. What should we learn from every soul?
Answer:
We should learn the good from every soul.

2. What qualities will help us to brave the thickening ills of life?
Answer:
We must pass on good thoughts, kindness, aspiration, courage, and faith to brave the thickening ills of life.

3. Why should we make this life worthwhile?
Answer:
We should make this life worthwhile to have a glimpse of the brighter skies.

4. What does the poet assure us if we make our life worthwhile?
Answer:
The poet assures the inheritance of heaven for the people who live a purposeful life in this world.

2. Fill in the blanks:

1. We should have a ……………. in life.
Answer:
aspiration

2. A ……………. is needed for the darkening sky.
Answer:
a bit of courage

3. One must have a ……………. of brighter skies to make life worthwhile.
Answer:
glimpse

3. Figure of speech.

Repetition is a literary device that repeats the same words or phrases a few times to make an idea clearer and more memorable. It is used to emphasize a feeling or idea, create rhythm, and bring attention to an idea.

Pick out any two lines of repetition from the poem. (Text Book Page No. 81)

“The woods are lovely, dark, and deep,
But I have promises to keep
And miles to go before I sleep,
and miles to go before I sleep.” – Robert Frost

On page 81, we have four lines of a poem written by Robert Frost. He repeats the line

And miles to go before. I sleep,
and miles to go before I sleep,

He uses this literary device called repetition to make the idea clearer and more memorable. It is used to emphasize a feeling or idea. Repetition creates rhythm and brings attention to the idea focused.

8th English Guide Making Life Worth While Additional Appreciation Questions and Answers

1. One bit of courage For the darkening sky;
What is needed for the darkening sky?

Answer:
One bit of courage is needed for the darkening sky.

2. One gleam of faith
To brave the thickening ills of life;
What is needed to brave the thickening ills of life?

Answer:
One gleam of faith is needed to brave the thickening ills of life.

3. One glimpse of brighter skies – To make this life worthwhile
What is needed to make the life worthwhile?

Answer:
One glimpse of a bright sky is needed to make this life worthwhile.

4. One aspiration yet unfelt One bit of courage
What is unfelt yet?

Answer:
One aspiration is yet unfelt.

5. Some little grace; one kindly thought;
One aspiration yet unfelt;
One bit of courage
For the darkening sky;

Question a.
What qualities are mentioned here?
Answer:
Some Grace, a kind thought, hope, and courage.

Question b.
What do you mean by the word ‘grace’?
Answer:
‘Grace’ means elegance or charm.

6. One gleam of faith
To brave the thickening ills of life;

Question a.
How can we brave the thickening ills of life?
Answer:
We can brave them by a gleam of faith.

Question b.
Why does the poet say thickening ills of life?
Answer:
The evils and obstacles in life are increasing.

Poetic Devices

Repetition:
The word ‘one’ is found to be repeated throughout the poem.

Rhyming words:
contact – thought

Alliteration:
And heaven a surer heritage.
The consonant ‘h’ is repeated twice in the above line and henceforth it is an alliterated line of this poem.

Basic idea of the poem:
Love your neighbor as you love yourself.

1. “Get there some good”.
What is the poetic device used here?
Answer:
Alliteration is used here. The words get – good are alliterated.

2. “And heaven a surer heritage”
Pick out the alliterated words.
Answer:
heaven – heritage are alliterated.

3. One aspiration yet unfelt;
One bit of courage
What is the literary device used here?
Answer:
Repetition. The word one’ is repeated in these two lines.

Making Life Worth While Summary in English

Everyone who comes in contact with, us must be influenced by us. They must get something good from us. That kindly act will make our life purposeful. Even little grace, kindly thought, bit of courage, one gleam of faith, one glimpse of brightness can make our life to fight with the ills of life.

Making Life Worth While Summary in Tamil

நம்மை அணுகி வரும் எவரும் நம்மிடமிருந்து ஏதோ ஒரு நன்மையைப் பெற்றுக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். நம்மிடமிருந்து அவர்கள் பெறும் நன்மையே நம் வாழ்வைக் குறிக்கோள் உள்ளதாக இப்பூமியில் ஆக்குகிறது. சிறிது கருணை, அன்பான எண்ணம், சிறிது தைரியம், ஒரு கீற்று நம்பிக்கை, வெளிச்சத்தின் ஒரு சிறிய பார்வை, நாம் இந்த உலக வாழ்வின் தீமைகளை எதிர்த்துப் போராட உதவுகிறது.

About the Author in English – Making Life Worth While

George Eliot – Mary Ann Evans (1819 – 1880), known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator, and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrote seven novels.

About the Author in Tamil – Making Life Worth While 

ஜார்ஜ் எலியட் – மேரி ஆன் ஈவன்ஸ் (1819 – 1880), தன் புனைப்பெயரான ஜார்ஜ் எலியட் என்பதன் மூலம் அனைவராலும் அறியப்பட்டார். அவர் ஓர் ஆங்கில நாவலாசிரியர், கவிஞர், பத்திரிக்கை எழுத்தாளர், மொழிபெயர்ப்பாளர் மற்றும் விக்டோரியன் சகாப்தத்தின் முன்னணி எழுத்தாளர்களுள் ஒருவராவார். இவர் ஏழு நாவல்களை எழுதியுள்ளார்.

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6th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 2 A Tragic Story – Samacheer Kalvi Book Back Answers

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 2 A Tragic Story

Poem Chapter 2 –  A Tragic Story

Poem Overview:

Line No. Poem Lines Explanation
1-2 ‘There lived a sage in days of yore, And he a handsome pigtail wore; Long ago, there lived a sage and he had a beautiful pigtail.
3-4 ‘But wondered much and sorrowed more, Because it hung behind him. He wondered much about his pigtail’s position and was worried more, as it hung behind him.
5-6 ‘He mused upon this curious case,
And wore he’d change the pigtail’s place,’		 He thought about this curious case and promised that he would change the position of the pigtail.
7-8 ‘And have it hanging at his face, Not dangling there behind him.’ He would like to have it on his face and not swinging loosely behind him.
9-10 ‘Says he, “The mystery I’ve found-
Says he, “The mystery I’ve found! ’		 The sage insists that he has found a solution to change the position of his pigtail.
11-12 ‘I ’ll turn me round, ’’ he turned him round; But still, it hung behind him.’ He said that he would turn him round and so he turned him round. But still, it hung steadily throughout the day.
13-14 ‘Then round and round, and out and in, All day the puzzled sage did spin;’ The confused sage turned round and round, out and in continuously throughout the day.
15-16 ‘In vain-it mattered not a pin- The pigtail hung behind him.’ Even though he turns continuously the whole day, it still hangs firmly behind him.
17-18 ‘And right and left and roundabout, And up and down and in and out ’ He turned to his right and left and roundabout again. He turned up and down and in and out.
19-20 ‘He turned, but still, the pistol stout Hung steadily behind him’ He turned and turned, but still, the pigtail remained thick and hung steadily behind him.
21-22 ‘And though his efforts never slack, And though hi twist and twirl and tack’ Though his efforts were not slackened and though he twisted, twirled and tacked.
23-24 Alas! still faithful to his back
The pigtail hangs behind him’		 The poet expresses his sorrow in a humorous way and says that though he tried his best to change the position of his pigtail, it remained faithfully behind him.

A. Answer the following.

1. What made the sage upset?
Answer:
The sage was upset, as his pigtail hung behind him.
2. Why did the sage spin all day?
Answer:
He span continually all day to change the position of his pigtail.

3.What solution did he arrive at for the mystery that he found?
Answer:
He thought that if turned him round, he can change the position of his pigtail.

4. Was he finally successful in changing his pigtail’s position? Support your answer with a line from the poem.
Answer:
No, he was not successful in changing his pigtail’s position. The line ‘Still faithful to his back, the pigtail
hangs behind him’ supports this answer.
5. Did something dreadful happen? How would you describe the events in the poem- comedy or tragedy?
Answer:
No, nothing dreadful happened. The events in the poem are humorous. The illogical behaviour of the sage
creates humour throughout the poem.

B. Read the poem lines and answer the questions given below.

1. But wondered much and sorrowed more Because it hung behind him.

a. What was he wondering about?
Answer:
He was wondering about why his pigtail is behind him and how to change its position.

b) What does the word ’it’ refer to here?
Answer:
‘It’ refers to the Pigtail here.

2. And though his efforts never slack And though he twist, and twirl, and tack,
Alas! Still faithful to his back
The pigtail hangs behind him.

a) Pick out the rhyming words from the above lines and give the rhyme scheme for the same?
Answer:
Rhyming words: sack – tack – back
Rhyme scheme: a a a b

b) Did he quit his trying? How can you say?
Answer:
No, he did not quit his trying. The lines ‘And though his efforts never slack. And though he twists and twirls and tacks” shows that he did not stop his trying.

3. ‘He mused upon this curious case’

what is the figure of speech used in this line?
Answer:
The figure of speech used here is hyperbole, as it exaggerates the simple foolish thing of changing the position of his pigtail to a curious case.

4. Irony is a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning. It may also be a situation that ends up quite different from the actual meaning. It may also be a situation that ends up in quite a different way than what is generally anticipated. In simple words, it is a difference between appearance and reality.

Can this poem be called an ironic poem? Justify your answer.

Answer:

Yes, this poem is an ironic poem because the word ‘sage’ is used in an ironic sense to refer to a person who is dull-witted. It insists on how learned men lack practical sense.

Explanation:

This poem can be called an ironic poem. The character in this poem is a wise man. He has a handsome Pigtail. Naturally, it will hang behind the person. In spite of being wise, he decides to change his position. He knows it well. But he tries to change its position. He wants it to hang on his face.

How funny the idea is! The ways he follows to changes its place are full of irony. He turns him round and round, out and in, he spins all day. It all ends in vain. But he does not want to give up his trying. The poet ends the poem by saying. The Pigtail remains faithful to his back. So the poem ends with irony.

C. Fill in the table with the appropriate poem lines. A few lines may be used more than one time. (Text Book Page No. 108)

D. The summary of the poem is given. But there are some words missing. Fill in the blanks with the help of the box given below. (Text Book Page No. 108)

faithfully, change, pigtail, round, sage, down, slack, out, hung, place, behind, wain, face

Once upon a time, there lived a sage. He had a handsome pigtail. He was worried and pondered over his pigtail’s place. He wanted to change its place. He wanted it hanging on his face. He didn’t like it hanging there behind him. So he turned right and left and roundabout, up and down, and in and out but it still hung behind him. However he tried, his efforts were in vain. But he didn’t slack in his efforts. Nevertheless, his pigtail hung faithfully behind him.

A Tragic Story About the Author in English

William Makepeace Thackeray (18 July 1811 – 24 December 1863) was an English novelist of the 19th century. He was famous for his satirical works, particularly. Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of English society.

A Tragic Story Summary

The poem ‘A tragic story’ written by William Makepeace Thackeray is a humorous poem which revolves around a foolish act done by a sage. Throughout the poem, the poet laughs at this wise man, who does not have any practical knowledge, but uses his theatrical knowledge and does foolish things.

The poet narrates to us about a sage, who lived in the past with a beautiful pigtail. He was worried about his pigtail, being hung behind him. He thought about this for a long time and swore that he would change the pigtail’s place, which is apparently impossible and funny.

He would like to have it on his face and not dangling there behind him. This small thing is a serious problem for this wise man. He said that he had found a solution to change the position of his pigtail. So he turned him round continuously without stopping, throughout the day. He turned in different directions – he turned right and left, out and in, up and down. But the pigtail didn’t change a bit. Though his efforts were not slackened, and though he twisted, twirled, and tacked, his pigtail hung faithfully and steadily behind him. Thus, this poem is amusing and the poet brings out the theme

“How learned man lacks practical common sense.”

A Tragic Story Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension and Poetic Devices.

1. ‘There lived a sage in days of yore,
And he a handsome pigtail wore ’.

a. Who lived long ago?
Answer:
A sage lived long ago.

b. What did he have?
Answer:
He had beautiful pigtail.

c. Pick out the rhyming words in these lines.
Answer:
The rhyming words are ‘yore – wore’.

2. ‘And swore he’d change the pigtail s place,
And have it hanging at his face
Not dangling there behind him.

a. What did the sage swear?
Answer:
He swore that he would change his pigtail’s place.

b. Where did he want to have it?
Answer:
He wanted to have it hanging on his face.

c. Pick out the alliterated words in these lines.
Answer:
The alliterated words are:
(1) pigtail’s – place
(2) have – hanging – his

3. ‘Then round and round, and out and in
All-day the puzzled sage did spin;
In vain – it mattered not a pin
The pigtail hung behind him.

a. What did the sage do?
Answer:
He turned round and round, out and in all day.

b. Why was the sage puzzled?
Answer:
He was puzzled because he could not change the position of his pigtail, even though he turned round and round all day.

c. What Is the rhyme scheme of the poem?
Answer:
The rhyme scheme is ‘a a a b’.

4. ‘Alas! Still faithful to his back’.

a. Who Is faithful?
Answer:
The pigtail is faithful.

b. Why did the poet use the word, Alas’?
Answer:
He criticizes the sage’s ignorance and pities him in a serious tone, using the word ‘Alas’.

c. Whose back is referred to here?
Answer:
The back of the sage is referred to here.

Important Links:

Text BOOK For Competitive Exams

Previous Year Question Papers Download 

 Tamil Nadu Government Exam Notes:

TNPSC Previous year question papers collections in single PDF

Mental Ability 

Other Important Links:

General English

General Tamil

News Paper Materials 

RRB RAILWAY RECRUITMENT BOARD (RRB NTPC) material free download

EMPLOYMENT NEWS

GENERAL AWARENESS FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS

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samacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem 3 On Killing a Tree

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem 3 On Killing a Tree

Poem 3 – On Killing a Tree

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 9th English Solutions Poem 3 On Killing a Tree Textbook Questions and Answers

B. Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions in a sentence or two.

1. It takes much time to kill a tree,
Not a simple jab of the knife Will do it.

Question 1.
Can a ‘simple jab of the knife’ kill a tree?
Answer:
No, a simple jab of the knife cannot kill a tree.

Question 2.
Why does it take much time to kill a tree?
Answer:
It is because the tree is very strong and its root is deep in the earth.

2. It has grown
Slowly consuming the earth,
Rising out of it, feeding Upon its crust, absorbing

Question 1.
How has the tree grown?
Answer:
The tree has grown slowly consuming the earth, rising out of it, feeding upon its crust.

Question 2.
What does the tree feed on the crust?
Answer:
The tree feeds water from the crust.

3. And out of its leprous hide
Sprouting leaves.

Question 1.
What does the phrase ‘leprous hide’ mean?
Answer:
‘Leprous hide’ means the bark of the tree. It has rough skin with scales.

Question 2.
What comes out of the leprous hide?
Answer:
Tiny leaves come out of the leprous hide.

4. The bleeding bark will heal
And from close to the ground
Will rise curled green twigs,
Miniature boughs

Question 1.
What will happen to the bleeding bark?
Answer:
The bleeding bark will heal.

Question 2.
What will rise from close to the ground?
Answer:
The curled green twigs and miniature boughs will rise from close to the ground.

5. The root is to be pulled out
One of the anchoring earth;

Question 1.
Why should the root be pulled out?
Answer:
The root should be pulled out to dry it and kill the tree.

Question 2.
What does ‘anchoring earth’ mean?
Answer:
‘Anchoring earth’ means fixing the tree firmly inside the earth (like a ship in the sea).

Additional  Questions and Answers

1. It takes much time to kill a tree,
Not a simple jab of the knife.

Question (a).
How long does it take to kill a tree?
Answer:
It takes much time to kill a tree.

Question (b).
What is “a jab of the knife”?
Answer:
It means “a poke or thrust with a sharp tool”.

2. It has grown
Slowly consuming the earth,
Rising out of it, feeding
Upon its crust, absorbing

Question (a).
What is tree consuming?
Answer:
The tree is consuming the earth.

Question (b).
What is rushing out of the earth?
Answer:
The tree is rushing out of the earth.

Question (c).
What is the tree feeding?
Answer:
The tree is feeding upon the earth’s crust.

3. absorbing
Years of sunlight, air, water
And out of its leprous hide
Sprouting leaves.

Question (a).
What is the tree absorbing?
Answer:
The tree is absorbing sunlight, air, and water.

Question (b).
How long is it absorbing them?
Answer:
It is absorbing them for many years.

Question (c).
What is it doing out of its leprous hide?
Answer:
It is sprouting leaves out of its leprous hide?

Question (d).
What is meant by ‘leprous’ and ‘hide’?
Answer:
‘Leprous’ means covered with scales,
‘Hide’ means the strong thick outer skin.

4. So hack and chop
But this alone won’t do it.

Question (a).
Explain the phrase: “hack and chop”
Answer:
‘Hack’ means cut something with heavy blows,
‘chop’ means cut into pieces with a tool like a knife.

Question (b).
Will this do the work?
Answer:
No, this alone won’t do it.

5. And from close to the ground
Will rise curled green twigs
Miniature boughs

Question (a).
What will rise from close to the ground?
Answer:
Curled green twigs will rise

Question (b).
What will become miniature boughs?
Answer:
The curled green twigs will become miniature boughs.

Question (c).
Explain the phrase: “Miniature boughs”
Answer:
Miniature means very small. So the phrase “miniature boughs” means a very small size of the large branches of the tree.

6. Miniature boughs
Which if unchecked will expand again.
To former size

Question (a).
What will expand if unchecked?
Answer:
The miniature boughs will expand if unchecked.

Question (b).
How will the unchecked bough expand?
Answer:
The unchecked bough will expand to the former size.

7. Out from the earth-cave
And the strength of the tree exposed The source, white and wet,
The most sensitive, hidden For years inside the earth.

Question (a).
From where the strength of the tree exposed.
Answer:
The strength of the tree exposed from the earth-cave.

Question (b).
What did the strength of the tree expose?
Answer:
The strength of the tree exposed the source.

Question (c).
How long is the tree hidden inside the earth?
Answer:
The tree is hidden for years inside the earth.

8. Then the matter
Of scorching and chocking
In sun and air,
Browning hardening
Twisting, whitening,
And then it is done,

Question (a).
What is the matter?
Answer:
The tree that is felled down is the matter.

Question (b).
What happens to the matter?
Answer:
It is scorching and chocking in the sun and air.

Question (c).
What takes place at the end?
Answer:
The tree turns brown and hardens, twists and withers

Question (d).
What is done in the end?
Answer:
In the end, the tree is killed.

9. “ Which if unchecked will expand again To former size”

Question (i).
What does ‘which’ refer to? ,
Answer:
Which refers to the bleeding bark.

10. “The root is to be pulled out-One of the anchoring earth”

Question (i).
What has to be pulled out?
Answer:
The root has to be pulled out.

Question (ii).
What is anchoring earth?

Answer:
The root is anchoring earth.

11. “Or pulled out entirely,
Out from the earth-cave”

Question (i).
From where should the root be pulled out?
Answer:
The root should be out of the earth-cave.

Question (ii).
What is an earth-cave?
Answer:
Earth-cave is the surface of the earth where the root is hidden.

12. “The source, white and wet.”

Question (i).
What is the source referred to?
Answer:
The source is referred as ‘white and wet’.

Question (ii).
What does ‘white and wet’ indicate?
Answer:
White and wet indicates life.

13. “Of scorching and choking In sun and air”

Question (i).
How is the source scorched and choked?
Answer:
The source is scorched and choked in sun and air.

Question (ii).
Why is it scorched and choked?

Answer:
It is scorched and choked to kill.

14. “And then it is done”

Question (i).
Explain ‘it is done’.
Answer:
It is done implies that the tree is dead and that there is no chance of regrowth since its root has been completely pulled out.

C. Based on the understanding of the poem, write down the summary of the poem by filling in the blanks.

The poet explains the process of (1) ……….. A lot of work has to be done in order to (2)……….. completely. It cannot be accomplished by merely cutting it with (3)……….. The tree has grown strong with the help (4)………… of for a countless of years. Even the (5)………… of the tree gives rise to (6)………. The (7)………… sprouts new twigs and leaves. In a short period, they grow into a new tree. So, to (8)……….. completely, one should take out its roots completely from the soil. Then they should be exposed to (9)……….. Only then the tree will be completely killed.
Answer:

  1. killing a tree
  2. kill it
  3. a knife
  4. the earth
  5. branch
  6. boughs
  7. bough
  8. kill a tree
  9. the sun and air

D. Based on the understanding of the poem, answer the following questions in a sentence or two.

Question 1.
What is the poem about?
Answer:
The poem is about killing a tree.

Question 2.
What are the lessons to be learned from the poem?
Answer:
We must grow trees and protect them. We must not kill the trees. We must be eco-friendly.

Question 3.
What are the life sources needed for a tree to grow?
Answer:
Soil, Water, Oxygen, and Sunlight.

Question 4.
What does the poet mean by ‘bleeding bark’?
Answer:
By bleeding bark, the poet means that the bark bleeds when it is cut with a knife.

Question 5.
Why the poet says ‘No’ at the beginning of the third stanza?
Answer:
He wants to emphasize that it is not so easy to kill a tree.

Question 6.
How should the root be pulled out?
Answer:
The root should be pulled out of the anchoring earth.

Question 7.
What is hidden inside the earth for years?
Answer:
Life and legacy are hidden inside the earth.

Question 8.
What finally happens to the tree in this poem?
Answer:
The tree is totally exposed to the sunlight and air. Thus it is killed completely.

E. Answer the following questions in about 80-100 words.

Question 1.
How well does the poet bring out the pain of the tree?
Answer:
Title: On killing a tree
Poet/Author: Dr. Gieve Patel
Character: Tree, the woodcutter
Theme: “Thou shall not kill” (even a tree)

The poet compares the killing of a tree with the killing of a man. As humans feel the pain, the poet imagines the feeling of the pain by the tree. A tree has a life so it must have sensitively. Every poke or thrust with a sharp knife must give some severe pain to the tree. It is hard to cut the crust of the tree. It is like leprous hide. The bark of the tree bleeds when the cut is deep. The tree endures pain but still, it has life.

It is not killed until its root of a tree is cut off and taken away from the earth. The root of the tree is like the heart of man. A man dies only when the heart is damaged. Likewise, a tree struggles to hold its life until it is uprooted. The root has anchored in the earth and stands straight and firm on the earth. The tree undergoes all unspeakable pain’ when it is felled. Though it does not cry but mankind my try to feel and be kind to it.
“killing a tree is like killing a man”

(OR)

“On killing a tree” speaks about the felling of a tree. A woodcutter cuts a tree with his sharp tool. It takes’ a lot of time to cut a tree. As the tree has life, it will definitely have a sense of feeling. So doubtlessly a tree must feel the pain at every poke or thrust with a sharp tool or knife. Though the pain is severe, the tree is unable to make its cry audible. We are unable to hear though we stand near the tree.

Slowly the parts of the tree start losing its life. But it is killed completely only when its root is brought out of the earth. The root is dried in the sun and air. Thus it undergoes all the pain as it is murdered by man. The killing of a tree may be compared to the killing of a man. A man dies when his heart is attacked. In the same way, a tree is killed when the root is detached from the earth.
“Save trees to pave the way to life”

Question 2.
‘A tree doesn’t grow in a day/ Explain it with reference to the poem.
Answer:
Outline:
Tree-a big plant-takes years to grow-some grow quickly-some grow slowly-no tree grows over a night-as grows slowly lives longer-some trees live more than 100 years.

Trees and shrubs are not all grown the same same. Some species grow rapidly, putting their energy into getting established quickly and putting on fast growth. Some are fast-growing trees with lower density and weaker woods. They are popular willow and box elders. Longer lived trees associate more resources into developing dense wood fiber rather than rapid growth. When planted, these trees typically take a longer time to get established and often one wonders if they will ever start growing.

Eventually, they do, and often of the saying goes, “It’s worth the wait”. Trees such as oaks and Ginko’s are prime examples of slower-growing trees that have longevity. It is rare to see these trees failing storms and they are largely resistant to decay and insect damage. There are trees which take 10 to 15 years to grow and even some other trees take 20 to 30 years. So it is certain the trees do not grow in a day.
“One cannot become a millionaire overnight”

(OR)

Trees are the bigger plants. They live long. According to its longevity, the trees have a long span of life. Any plant that grows overnight may not live long. The trees with lower density grow faster than the trees with greater density. Insects cannot easily damage the latter ones. Some trees are slow growers which take 20-30 years. Some are fast growers and they take 10-15 years.

As the saying goes, “It’s worth, the wait”, they do eventually. Trees grow slowly but steadily. Their roots go very deep anchoring the earth. The trunk of it is very strong with many branches and leaves. Their uses are many but many fail to know. Certain trees take a few decades to grow and its yield is enjoyed only by the next generation. Thus it is clear that a tree cannot grow in a day.
“Rome was not built in a day”

Question 3.
Why do you think the poet describes the act of cutting a tree? What effect does it have on you as a reader?
Answer:
Outline:
The killing of a tree – a cruel act – tree intends to live-even plants expand its species-man is a killer-very unkind towards trees-too selfish-destroys nature – a murder eventually-similar to killing a man-tree dies with its root cut-man dies with his heart attack.

(OR)

The poet is a physician. He considers the act of killing of a tree as an evil act. He is of the view that it is nothing but murder. The woodcutter tries to cut down the tree. He cuts the trunk of the tree. Even after felling the tree, it can sprout from the bottom-most part of the trunk. Thus the effort is to be made to uproot it. Unless the anchored root is cut off and removed from the earth, killing is not complete.

The root is brought out to dry it in the sun and the air. The poet compares it to the killing of a man. The root is compared to the heart of a man. Every life is finished when the heart stops functioning. As the heart circulates the blood in the body, the root does the work of supplying water to every part of the tree. The reader is getting an awareness that he or

she should not indulge in the evil or cruel act of killing a tree that can live for a long time. It gives the realization that the killing of a tree and a man are one and the same. So every reader will stand against this cruelty and join hands for planting and growing trees.

(OR)

The killing of a tree is a cruel act. The poet has made us realize that the felling of a tree is killing it. The word “Killing” is very effectively and earnestly used in this poem. Being a physician, the poet has dealt with life and death of the tree. A man dies when the heart is affected. Similarly, a tree becomes lifeless only when its root is removed from the earth. The root of a tree is compared to the heart of a man.

The poem teaches a lesson to the readers that we must not be cruel towards any living thing, either a tree or man. Killing a tree is synonymous with murdering a man. Thus it is clear that the poet wants the readers to be kind to mankind. As readers, we must feel the pain inflicted on others by every one of our cruel act through our word and deed.
“Let us not fell the trees before they fall”

F. Complete the table by identifying lines, against the poetic devices from the poem.

Poetic lines Poetic Devices / Figures of Speech
Answer:

  1. It takes much time to kill a tree. Personification
  2. The bleeding bark will heal. Personification
  3. One of the anchoring earth Imagery

Listening

G. Listen to the passage about Nammazhwar, an environmental crusader from Tamil Nadu. As you listen, answer the following questions. The listening activities can be repeated if required.

Nammazhwar was born in 1938 in Elangadu, Thanjavur District, and he graduated from Annamalai University with a B.Sc. degree in Agriculture. In 1963, he began working for the Agricultural Regional Research Station, a government organisation in Kovilpatti, as a scientist, conducting trials on spacing and use of various chemical fertilizers in cotton and millet crops. During his tenure there, the government had conducted various experiments in rain-fed land, he left the institute in 1969. should rely only minimally on external inputs.

All inputs using expensive inputs like hybrid seeds, chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides which Nammazhwar considered futile as the farmers were resourced poor. Based on his experience, he felt very strongly that it was imperative to totally reorient the research work being undertaken. But his peers at the institute paid little attention to his advice. Frustrated, he left the institute in 1969. For the next 10 years, he was an agronomist for the Island of Peace, an organisation founded by the Nobel Laureate Dominique Pire. His focus was on improving the standard of living through agricultural development in the Kalakad block of Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu.

It was at this time that he realised that to get optimal results in farming, farmers should rely only on minimally on external inputs. All inputs should come from within the farm. So-called waste should be recycled and used as input. This revelation was a turning point in his life. He completely lost trust in conventional farming practices and began experimenting with sustainable agricultural methods. Vegetables have a short lifespan compared to fruit crops.

By making use of modem technologies and inputs, their lifespan can perhaps be extended to say about a year. But if there is a simple method of growing vegetables throughout the year, without any costly gadgets, modem technologies, or costly inputs, it is definitely worth a try for the farmers. He advocated the ‘Bread sandwich’ method. In this method, once the soil is made ready and the suggested practices followed, one need not work on the soil for the second time. They can go on sowing and reaping, all throughout the year.

He always said it was no use trying to teach a farmer. Instead, one should make the farmer understand the issue. He never stopped learning from them himself and had become a vast repository of farming practices and knowledge that he shared with whoever was interested. He never pushed ideas down anyone’s throat. Each farm is unique according to the farmers’ understanding and the conditions, Nammazhwar would say. He would keep experimenting with what he learned from the farmers, refined this knowledge, and then gave it back to them.

He often said “Farming is not a way of producing crops to make money. It is a way of living, and a way of living that is possible even in the 21st century.” He trained hundreds of farm youths as trainers and helped any farmers to be master trainers-all this without the support of the government.

Question 1.
Who is Nammazhwar? What is his contribution to farmers and farming?
Answer:
Nammazhwar was an agricultural scientist. He conducted trials on the spacing and use of various fertilizers in cotton and millet crops.

Question 2.
In 1963 he worked for the ______ as _______.
Answer:
Agricultural Regional Research Station in Kovilpatti as a scientist.

Question 3.
What was the turning point in the life of Nammazhwar?
Answer:
During his period as an agronomist, he realised that farmers should rely minimally on external inputs. All inputs should come from within the farm. Waste should be recycled and used as input. This revelation was a turning point in his life.

Question 4.
How is the “Bread sandwich method” a boon to the farmers?
Answer:
In this method, once the soil is made ready and the suggested practices followed,
one need not work for the second time. They can go on sowing and reaping all through the year.

Question 5.
Pick out ideas from the passage to show that he learned first and then shared with farmers.
Answer:
He never stopped learning from the farmers. He became a vast repository of farming practices and knowledge. He never pushed ideas down anyone’s throat. According to the farmer’s understanding and conditions, each farm is unique.

Question 6.
Explain in your own words the meaning of “Farming ……….. even in the 21st Century”
Answer:
He said that it was no use trying to teach a farmer. He never stopped learning from them and had become a vast repository of farming practices and knowledge that he shared with whoever was interested.

Question 7.
Give the synonyms of ‘rely’ and ‘sustainable’.
Answer:
Synonyms of ‘rely’ is depending
Synonyms of sustainable is maintainable

Question 8.
“He never pushed ideas down anyone’s throat” means
(a) favored
(b) compelled
(c) opposed
Answer:
(c) Compelled.

Writing

H. Based on the reading of the poem complete the web chart given below.

Answer:

  • Cutting a tree is an act of murder.
  • Failure to preserve the forest.
  • To create a new awareness in the minds of the people
  • Lack of eco-friendly attitude.
  • Disapproval of mankind is a failure to care for the earth
  • deforestation and destruction of nature

I. Look at the two trees. One is a green flourishing tree and the other, a brown withering tree.

The class will now be divided into two groups. Group A will list down the agents that support a tree’s growth. Group B will list down those that prevent it. Once the groups are ready with their lists, a feu unto lives from each group will go to the board and write down the lists.

Taking clues from the lists on the board, complete the following chart.

Answer:
. Work in pairs. Create three slogans on ‘Saving Trees’ 
Remember

  • Use catchy, meaningful phrases.
  • Do not write complete sentences.
  • Ensure that the words at the end rhyme.

Answer:

  • “Save the tree and have the air fresh”.
  • “Make not trees rare; keep them with care”.
  • “Trees on; Global warming has gone”.

K. Deliver a short speech for about five minutes on the following.

Question 1.
Imagine what will happen if all the trees in the earth disappear. Discuss with your friends and share it with your classmates.
Answer:
Life will not exist on Earth if trees disappear. Trees produce most of the oxygen that humans and wildlife need to live. Trees absorb Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen using the process of photosynthesis. Lack of rain will be a major concern. If there is no rain, there will be no forests. Forests act as giant air filters in the world. They also prevent soil erosion. They break the force of wind and rain on soil helping their roots bind the soil. The decayed leaves absorbed by the earth to enrich the soil.

Question 2.
Think of a situation where all the trees can speak. What will they talk about?
Answer:
Dear mates,
It is quite interesting and awesome to think of a situation like this. If all trees start speaking, we may have to be spellbound.
The trees may speak about their goodness and benefits to us. They do a great deal to us. They will tell us that they help us breathe fresh air and lead a healthy life. They may be proudly telling us that they provide us shade to save us from the scorching sun. They may ask us to water them regularly.

They may tell others or fellow trees if they are not taken care of. They may tell us not to harm them if we tend to cut the branches or the tree itself, They may lead us not to kill them. They may start advising us to take care of the trees. They may tell us to plant more and more trees and make domestic and civilized forests. They may tell us to have more rain to increase water resources.

Moreover, they will try to be human friendly and make us trees friendly. We need not search for anything in the tree. They would tell us if they have anything to give us. The antisocial elements cannot use the forest as their hideout. The trees will propagate all about the movements of the wild animals in the forest. It would be very thrilling and amazing when the trees can speak the human tongue. Let us talk to the trees and listen to what they want to tell us.

Let US laugh together

Question 1.
How do trees access the internet?
Answer:
They simply  Login

Question 2.
What will the tree do, if the banks are closed?
Answer:
It will start its own branches

Question 3.
What types of tree fits in your hand?
Answer:
A Palm tree.

On Killing a Tree by Gieve Patel About The Poet:

Dr. Gieve Patel is one of the prominent Indian poets. His famous works include Evening, Forensic Medicine, and From Bombay Central. He has also penned three plays. He belongs to the group of writers who have subscribed themselves to the ‘Green Movement’ involving in an effort to protect the environment. His poems address deep concerns for nature and expose man’s cruelty to it. He has been conducting a poetry workshop in Rishi Valley School for more than a decade. This poem is taken from his poetry collection ‘Poems’ published in 1966.

On Killing a Tree Summary:

The poet observes how much time is required to kill a tree. A simple cut with a knife cannot kill a huge tree. A tree has roots deep down the earth, absorbing nutrients and using the sunlight, water, and air around for years, sprouting out leaves from it’s disfigured bark. Although the tree is hacked and chopped, it isn’t enough for killing a tree. The tree can withstand the pain. These injuries will heal and once again the new green twig will rise from the ground which will grow to bigger branches.

If this growth is unchecked, the tree will regain its original size. So in order to kill a tree, the roots which are anchored inside the ground have to be pulled out. To pull out the roots, it has to be roped and forced out of the earth with all the might. This leads to the exposure of the most sensitive region of the tree, which had been hidden and supporting the tree since its birth. Then when the roots are exposed to sunlight and air, it dies slowly by browning, hardening, twisting, and withering. Only then the tree is said to have perished.

On Killing a Tree Glossary:

Textual:
crust – the brown, hard outer portion or surface
jab – to poke, or thrust abruptly or sharply with a short, quick blow
hide – the strong thick outer skin
leprous – covered with scales
miniature – very small

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samacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

6th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 1 Indian Seasons – Samacheer Kalvi Book Back Answers

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

Samacheer Kalvi 6th English Solutions Term 3 Poem Chapter 1 Indian Seasons

Poem Chapter 1 –  Indian Seasons

Poem Overview:

Line
Nos.		 Poem Lines Explanation
1-2 Summer comes in a blaze of heat The summer season starts with intense of heat. It is like a bright flame or fire.
3-4 with sunny smiles and dusty pet It brings cheerfulness to people. Though it brings smiles on their faces, it makes their feet dusty.
5-6 Then seasons change to muddy muds After a period of time, the seasons change. Monsoons come in bringing muddy roads everywhere.
7-8 monsoons and mangoes leapfrogs and toads The Monsoons cause rainfall everywhere and ripe mangoes are seen in abundance. The frogs play in the water and jump high. Toads hop happily around.
9-10 Spring is pretty hut short and sweet Spring is pretty with freshness and blossoms every where. But it is short and sweet.
11-12 when you van smell the grass from your garden seat The spring is sweet because its freshness can be smelt from your garden.
13-14 Autumn is English in ml Yellow and brown Autumn is different in the West. The flowers and leaves of the trees become red, yellow and brown.
15-16 Autumn is hid fan whenever leaves fall down But in India, during Autumn season, leaves fall down.

B. Which season am I? Read the poem, understand and solve the riddle.

  1. I make the feet dusty.
  2. Frogs and toads will visit when I am there.
  3. I am pretty short and sweet.
  4. I make your garden smell sweet.
  5. Leaves will wither because of me.

Answers:

  1. Summer
  2. Rainy
  3. Spring
  4. Spring
  5. Autumn

C. Read the tines and answer the questions given below.

1. Summer comes
in a blaze of heat with
sunny smiles
and dusty feet

a. Dots the poet welcome the summer? How do you know?
Answer:
Yes, the poet welcomes the summer because she says that summer comes with sunny smiles, making people cheerful.

b. Which lines tells you that there is no rain in summer?
Answer:
‘Sunny smiles and dusty feet’ tells us that there is no rain in summer.

2. Spring is pretty
but short and sweet
when you can smell the grass
from your garden seat

a. How does the poet describe the spring season?
Answer:
The poet describes the spring season as pretty, short and sweet.

b. Which line tells you that the garden is fresh?
Answer:
The line ‘when you can smell the grass from your garden seat’ tells us that the garden is fresh.

c. Who does ‘you’ refer to?
Answer:
‘You’ refers to ‘the person who owns the garden’. / sometime answer is “viewers”

3. Autumn is English
in red, yellow and brown
Autumn is Indian
Whenever leaves fell down

a. How Is autumn in India?
Answer:
Whenever the leaves fall down, it is autumn in India.

(In India, no one can distinguish the Autumn season.)

b. Compare the English autumn with the Indian autumn.
Answer:
The leaves are beautiful with red, yellow and brown colours and the poet considers this to be English autumn. Whenever the leaves fall down, it is Indian autumn.

D. Pick out the rhyming words from the poem and write them In the table.

Stanza – 1 Stanza – 2 Stanza – 3 Stanza – 4
heat – feet roads – toads sweet – seat brown – down

E. Find examples of alliteration and write them in the blanks.

1. in ablaze of heat –
with sunny smiles
Answer:
sunny, smiles

2. to muddy roads
monsoons and mangoes
Answer:
monsoons – mangoes

3. Spring Is pretty
but short and sweet
Answer:
short – sweet

F. Work In pairs, find answers for the questions and share In the class.

1. Name the seasons mentioned In the poem?
Answer:
The seasons mentioned in the poem are summer, rainy, spring and autumn.

2. What does the summer bring?
Answer:
The summer brings sunny smiles and dusty feet.

3. Which word refers to ‘rain’?
Answer:
The word ‘Monsoon’ refers to ‘rain’.

4. Why does the poet say the ‘Spring Is pretty’?
Answer:
The spring is pretty because we can smell the freshness of grass from our garden.

5. When Is it autumn in India? Why does the poet say this? Is there an autumn season in India?
Answer:
When the leaves fall down, it is autumn in India. The poet says this because in India, leaves rarely change colours. Only when the trees shed their leaves, we know that it is autumn in India. Yes, there is an autumn season in India during the months of September, October and November.

G. How does the poet describe the Indian seasons? Write in your own words in about 50 words.
Answer:
The poet describes the Indian seasons vividly in a simple form. The sumer season starts with intense heat. It is like a bright flame or fire. It brings cheerfulness to people and makes their feet dusty. Then, the seasons change. Monsoons come in bringing muddy roads, ripe mangoes, leaping frogs and toads everywhere. Spring is pretty but short. It is also sweet because we can smell the freshness of green grass from our garden. The poet compares the autumn season in the West to India. Leaves change their colours into red, yellow and brown in the West, whereas the trees shed their leaves in India.

Indian Seasons Additional Questions

I. Poem Comprehension and Poetic Devices.

1. Then seasons change
to muddy roads
monsoons and mangoes
leapfrogs and toads

a. What Is the season mentioned here?
Answer:
Rainy season is mentioned here.

b. Why are roads muddy?
Answer:
The roads become muddy because of heavy rains.

c. What do you mean by the word ‘leap’?
Answer:
‘Leap’ means ‘jump’.

d. Pick out the alliterated words in third line.
Answer:
‘monsoons and mangoes’ are the alliterated words.

Indian Seasons Poem Summary By Nisha Dyrene

The poet Nisha Dyrene in this poem ‘Indian seasons’ describes the four seasons prevalent in India. The poem begins with the summer season starting with intense heat. It comes like a bright flame or fire. It brings cheerfulness to people and makes their feet dusty. Then the seasons change, after a certain period of time. The roads become muddy at the onset of monsoons, which is a rainy season. We can see ripe mangoes everywhere. The frogs play in the water and jump high, where as the toads hop happily.

Next comes the spring season which is pretty, but its duration is short. It is also sweet because you can smell fresh grass from your garden. The poet compares autumn in the West to autumn in India. She says when the leaves are red, yellow and brown, then it signifies autumn in the West. But when the leaves shed, it is autumn in India.

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(10th) SSLCsamacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

10th Social Science – History Book Back Questions & Answers (Solution) – 3. World War II

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

10th Social Science – History Book Back

& Questions Answers (solution)

3. World War II

 

I. Choose the correct answer:

1. When did the Japanese formally sign of their surrender?
a) 2 September, 1945
b) 2 October, 1945
c) 15 August. 1945
d) 12 October, 1945

Answer:  a) 2 September, 1945 

2. Who initiated the formation of League of Nations?
a) Roosevelt
b) Chamberlain
c) Woodrow Wilson
d) Baldwin

Answer: c) Woodrow Wilson 

3. Where was the Japanese Navy defeated by the US Navy?
a) Battle of Guadalcanal
b) Battle of Midway
c) Battle of Leningrad
d) Battle of El Alamein

Answer: b) Battle of Midway 

4. Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?
a) Kavashaki
b) Innoshima
c) Hiroshima
d) Nagasaki

Answer: c) Hiroshima 

5. Who were mainly persecuted by Hitler?
a) Russians
b) Arabs
c) Turks
d) Jews

Answer: d) Jews

6. Which Prime Minister of England who signed the Munich Pact with Germany?
a) Chamberlain
b) Winston Churchill
c) Lloyd George
d) Stanley Baldwin

Answer: a) Chamberlain 

7. When was the charter of the UN signed?
a) June26, 1942
b) June 26, 1945
c) January 1. 1942
d) January1. 1945

Answer: b) June 26, 1945 

8. Where is the headquarters of the International Court of Justice located?
a) New York
b) Chicago
c) London
d) The Hague

Answer: d) The Hague

II Fill in the blanks

1. Hitler attacked—-Rhineland —— which was a demilitarised zone.
2. The alliance between Italy, Germany and Japan is known as —Rome –Berlin- Tokyo        Axis——.
3. — Roosevelt—- started the Lend Lease programme.
4. Britain Prime Minister — Chamberlain —— resigned in 1940.
5. Saluting the bravery of the –Royal Air Force– Churchill said that “Never was so much      owed by so many to so few”.
6. —-Radar—- is a device used to find out the enemy aircraft from a distance.
7. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights set forth fundamental human rights in              ——30—--articles.
8. After the World War II —Labour Party—- was voted into power in Great Britain.

III. Choose the correct statement

1. i) Banking was a major business activity among Jews.
ii) Hitler persecuted the Jews.
iii) In the concentration camps Jews were killed.
iv) The United Nations has currently 129 member countries in it.
a) i) and ii) are correct
b) i) and iii) are correct                                                                                                c) iii) and iv) are correct
d) (i ) is correct and ii), iii) and iv) are wrong

Answer: a) i) and ii) are correct

2. Assertion: President Roosevelt realised that the United States had to change its policy of                     isolation.
Reason: He started a programme of Lend Lease in 1941.
a) Both A and R are correct
b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
c) Both A and R are wrong
d) R is right but it has no relevance to A

Answer: a) Both A and R are correct

IV. Match the Following

1. Blitzkrieg         – a) Roosevelt
2. Royal Navy      – b) Stalingrad
3. Lend Lease      – c) Solomon Island
4. Volga              – d) Britain
5. Guadalcanal     – e) lightning strike

Answer: 1-e; 2-d; 3-a; 4-b; 5-c

V. Answer the questions briefly

1. Mention the important clauses of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany.
2. Who were the three prominent dictators of the post World War I ?
3. How did Hitler get the support from the people of Germany?
4. Describe the Pearl Harbour incident.
5. What do you know of Beveridge Report?.
6. Name the Bretton Woods Twins.
7. What are the objectives of IMF?

VI. Answer the questions given under each caption

1. Battle of Stalingrad

a) When did Germany attack Stalingrad?
b) What were the main manufactures of Stalingrad?
c) What was the name of the plan formulated by Hitler to attack Stalingrad?
d) What is the significance of the Battle of Stalingrad?

2. Japanese Aggression in South-east Asia

a) Name the South-east Asian countries which fell to the Japanese.
b) Account for the setback of Allies in the Pacific region?
c) What is the significance of Battle of Midway?
d) What happened to the Indians living in Burma?

3. General Assembly and Security Council

a) List the permanent member countries of the Security Council.
b) What is the Holocaust?
c) Who was the Chairperson of the UN Commission on Human Rights?
d) What is meant by veto?

VII. Answer in detail

1. Attempt an essay on the rise and fall of Adolf Hitler.
2. Analyse the effects of the World War II.
3. Assess the structure and the activities of the UN.

VIII. Students Activity

1. Group project involving students to prepare an album with pictures on different phases        of the World War II.

2. A debate in the class on the success or failure of the UN in preserving World Peace.

3. Marking the Allies and Axis countries, as well as important battlefields of World War II in      a world map.

IX. Map Work

Mark the following on the world map.

1. Axis Power Countries
2. Allied Power Countries
3. Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Hawai Island, Moscow, San Fransico

 

Timeline

• 1939 – Outbreak of World War II
• 1940 – Battle of Britain
• 1941 – Pearl Harbour incident
• 1942 – Battle of Stalingrad
• 1945 – End of World War II
• 1945 – Formation of UNO

 

 

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samacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Poem 1 Life

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Solutions Poem 1 Life

Poem 1 – Life

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 10th English Guide Life Textbook Questions and Answers

A. Read the following lines from the poem and answer the questions that follow.

1. Let me but live my life from year to year       

with forwarding face and unreluctant soul                                                                                                                              
(a) Whom does the word ‘me’ refer to?
(b) What kind of life does the poet want to lead?
Answer:
(a) ‘Me’ refers to the poet, Henry Van Dyke.
(b) The poet wants to lead a life facing every year with courage and willingness to do anything.

Additional:
(a) Pick out the alliterated words in the first line.
(b) What is the figure of speech used in the second line?
(c) What do you understand by the words, ‘forward face’?
(d) With what kind of attitude does the speaker wish to lead his life in the poem, ‘Life’ by Henry Van Dyke?
Answer:
(a) ‘Let, live, life’ are the alliterated words in the first line.
(b) The figure of speech is alliteration, (e.g. forward face)
(c) The words, ‘forward face’ indicates the courage with which one is ready to face anything in life.
(d) ’In the poem, ‘Life’ the speaker wishes to lead his life with a forward face and unreluctant soul. Hence the speaker’s attitude is optimistic.

2. Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal     

Not mourning for the things that disappear                                                                                                                      
(a) Why do you think the poet is not in a hurry?
(b) What should one not mourn for?
Answer:
(a) The poet wishes us to live with courage and dedication without hurry.
(b) One should not mourn for the things that disappear.

Additional:
(a) Give the synonym for ‘mourn’.
(b) What is ‘goal’?
(c) Why do things disappear?
Answer:
(a) ‘Lament’ is the synonym for ‘mourn’.
(b) Goal is nothing but the aim or objective in this context.
(c) Things disappear because they are inconsistent and keep changing.

3. In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
From what the future veils, but with a whole
And happy heart, that pays its toll
To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer
(a) What does the poet mean by the phrase ‘in the dim past’?
(b) Is the poet afraid of the future?
(c) How can one travel on with cheer?
Answer:
(a) The poet means that the past was very dull and glum.
(b) No, the poet isn’t afraid of the future.
(c) One can travel cheerfully with a happy heart.

Additional:
(a) What is meant by ‘veil’?
(b) Mention the figure of speech in the third line.
(c) Pick out the contrasting words in the above lines.
(d) Pick out the rhyming words.
(e) What is the rhyme scheme of the above lines?
Answer:
(a) A veil is a cover that is used to partially hide something.
(b) Alliteration – happy heart
(c) The contrasting words are ‘youth’ and ‘age’.
(d) The rhyming words are fear and cheer; whole and toll.
(e) The rhyme scheme is ‘abba’.

 

4. So let the way wind up the hill or down,
O’er rough or smooth, the journey will be joy
Still seeking what I sought when but a boy,
New friendship, high adventure, and a crown,
(a) How is the way of life?
(b) How should be the journey of life?
(c) What did the poet seek as a boy?
Answer:
(a) The way of life will not be smooth. There will be ups and down.
(b) Life should be joyful
(c) As a boy, the poet sought new friendship, a new adventure, and a crown.

Additional:
(a) Give the rhyme scheme.
(b) What is the rhyming word for down and boy?
(c) Pick out the alliterated words in the third line.
(d) When is new friendship needed?
(e) What is rough and smooth?
Answer:
(a) ‘abba’ is the rhyme scheme.
(b) The rhyming word for down is ‘crown’ and the rhyming word for boy is ‘joy’.
(c) The alliterated words are ‘still seeking’.
(d) New friendship is needed during boyhood.
(e) The way of life is rough and smooth.

5. My heart will keep the courage of the quest,
And hope the road’s last turn will be the best
(a) What kind of quest does the poet seek here?
(b) What is the poet’s hope?
Answer:
(a) The quest sought here by the poet is a courageous heart.
(b) The poet hopes that the end journey in life will be the best to cherish.

Additional:
(a) Pick out the rhyming words.
(b) What is meant by ‘road’s last turn’?
(c) Which word in the above lines indicate ‘life’?
Answer:
(a) ‘Quest and best’ are rhyming words.
(b) Life’s last phase is the road’s last turn.
(c) ‘Road’ indicates life.

6. In the dim past, nor holding back in fear
From what the future veils; but with a whole
And happy heart, that pays its toll – To Youth and Age, and travels on with cheer.
(a) Identify the rhyming words of the given lines.
Answer:
(a) Fear and cheer; whole and toll are the rhyming words.

Additional:
(a) Mention the two main stages of life.
(b) Pick out the alliterated words in the third line.
Answer:
(a) The two main stages of life are youth and old age.
(b) ‘Happy, Heart’ is the alliterated words in the third line.

 

7. Let me but live my life from year to year,
With forwarding face and unreluctant soul;
Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal;
Not mourning for the things that disappear
(a) Identify the rhyme scheme of the given lines.
Answer:
(a) The rhyme scheme of the given line is abba.

Additional:
(a) Pick out the couplet in the above lines.                                                                                                                                                  Answer:
With forwarding face and unreluctant soul;
Not hurrying to, nor turning from the goal;

B. Answer the following question in about 80 – 100 words

1. Describe the journey of life as depicted in the poem by Henry Van Dyke.
Answer:
Henry Van Dyke, one of the greatest American short story writers and poets, has surpassed the act of writing skillfully. ‘Life’ is no doubt one of his priced literary pieces. This poem is a pinnacle of expressive embarkment on the quest of self-revival from the glum beats of monotony. It has a very deep and farsighted meaning held within it and this is evident from the very beginning of the poem. The poem is the poet’s own reflection on his life and tells his point of view on the more important things in life.

The poet advises readers from his life experiences. We feel that he is now an older man reflecting on his younger days. Through his words, he is explaining to us what he is taking away as most important to live is the best life possible. Life is too short to get caught up in the moment or worry about the past. On the other hand, it suggests that we look forward to what the future holds. We sometimes find ourselves brooding on the bad times and we forget about how much good there is in the future. The poet is making us understand this concept and be more aware of reality.

“Life is short and if we enjoy every moment of every day,
We will be happy no matter what happens or changes our way! ”

(OR)

Title: Life
Poet: Henry Van Dyke
Character: The poet
Theme: Life is just a journey. Let me live my life year to years.

Henry Van Dyke was a visionary American author. His poem ‘Life’ describes life taking on life in its truest form is an adventure. The poet describes life as an experience. It should be lived without hurry. We must have courage dedication and purpose.

We should not worry about the past and the future. The way of life will not be smooth. There will be ups and downs. We must embrace the present with happiness. We should face all with a smile. It seeks new friendship, adventure and experiences. We should have faith in our hearts. Be bold and you will lead a happy life.

(OR)

  1. Life is an experience
  2. Don’t worry about the past and future.
  3. Live in the present.
  4. Live with courage.
  5. Lead life with a smile.
  6. Have faith in life.
  7. It will be the best

 

C. Based on your understanding of the poem, complete the following passage by using the phrases given in the box.

(Youth to old age, up or down the hill, to hurry nor move away, high adventure, joyful, mourn, looking ahead)

The poet wants to live his life (1) …………………. willing to do something. He neither (2) ……………….. from his goal. He does not want to (3) ………………. the things he has lost, not hold back for fear of the future. He instead prefers to live his life with a whole and happy heart which cheerfully travels from (4) ………………….. Therefore, it does not matter to him whether the path goes (5) …………………. rough or smooth, the journey will be (6) ………………….. He will continue to seek what he wanted as a boy – new friendship, (7) …………………. and a crown (prize). His heart will remain courageous and pursue his desires. He hopes that every turn in his life’s journey will be the best.
Answer:

  1. looking ahead
  2. to hurry nor move away
  3. mourn
  4. youth to old age
  5. up or down the hill
  6. joyful
  7. high adventure

Life Summary of the poem

In this poem, life is described as an experience. One should live with courage, strong will power and dedication. Life should be lived without a hurry. The poet says forget the past and future. Live in the present with happiness which nourishes the youth and old. One should not mourn for the things that disappear. The way of life will not be smooth. There will be ups and downs. We should face all problems with a smile. Life will have’ various situations. We must be happy as it teaches us to grow and live. We should seek out new friends, adventures, and experiences which enrich us. We should have faith in our hearts. Be bold you will lead a happy life.

Life by Henry Van Dyke About the Poet :

Henry Van Dyke (1852 – 1933) was born in Pennsylvania. A nature lover and avid reader, he earned degrees from Princeton and served as a Presbyterian minister for more than 20 years. He eventually returned to Princeton and nearly for 20 years working as a professor of English with a bit of service as the U.S. ambassador to Luxembourg and the Netherlands in between. Henry is well known for his works, “ Joyful, Joyful, We Adore Thee” and the Christmas stories,
“The Story of the Other Wise Man” and “The First Christmas Tree.”

Glossary:

mourning (v) – feeling or expressing great sadness
veils (v) – to hide or cover something so that you cannot see it clearly or understand it
crown (n) – a prize or position offered for being the best
quest (n) – a long search for something that is difficult to find
unreluctant (adj) – willing to do something (This form is generally not used but the poet has coined it for emphasis)

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samacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 1 – Chapter 3 Hydrologic Cycle – English Medium

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

8th Social Science – Geography Book Back

& Questions Answers (solution)

Term 1

3. Hydrologic Cycle

8th Social Science Geography Solutions Term 1 – Chapter 3 Hydrologic Cycle Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi – English Medium

I. Choose the correct answer

  1. The process in which the water moves between the oceans, atmosphere and land is called –
    (a) River Cycle
    (b) Hydrologic Cycle
    (c) Rock Cycle
    (d) Life Cycle
    Answer: (b) Hydrologic Cycle

2. The percentage of fresh water on the earth is –
(a) 71
(b) 97
(c) 2.8
(d) 0.6
Answer: (c) 2.8

3. The process of changing of water from gaseous to liquid form is known
as –
(a) Condensation
(b) Evaporation
(c) Sublimation
(d) Rainfall
Answer: (a) Condensation

4. Water that flows in the sub – soil or through the ground into the streams, rivers, lakes and oceans is termed as –
(a) Condensation
(b) Evaporation
(c) Transpiration
(d) Runoff
Answer: (d) Runoff

5. The evaporation of water from the leaves of plants is called –
(a) Transpiration
(b) Condensation
(c) Water vapour
(d) Precipitation
Answer: (a) Transpiration

6. Water that is good enough to drink is called –
(a) Groundwater
(b) Surface water
(c) Potable water
(d) Artesian water
Answer: (c) Potable water

II. Fill in the Blanks

  1. The degree of water vapour present in the atmosphere is known as ………………
  2. There are ……………… phases in the water cycle.
  3. The falling of water towards the earth surface from atmosphere in any form is known as ………………
  4. The precipitation with the rain drop size of 0.5mm in diameter is known as ………………
  5. Mist is lesser denser than ………………

Answer:

  1. Humidity
  2. Three
  3. Precipitation
  4. Drizzle
  5. Fog

III. Match the following

Answer:

  1. iv
  2. i
  3. ii
  4. iii

IV. Choose the correct statement

1. Evaporation refers to
I. The process in which the gaseous form of water changes in to liquid form.
II. It refers to the process in which the liquid form of water changes into gaseous form.
III. Water boils at 100°C temperature but, it actually begins to evaporate at 0°C.
IV. It is responsible for the formation of clouds.

(a) I, IV and V are correct
(b) II only correct
(c) II and III are correct
(d) All are correct
Answer: (c) II and III are correct

V. State whether the following statements are True or False

1. Water boils at 212°F temperature but, it begins to evaporate at 32°F.
    Answer: True

2. Mist is not the tiny droplets of water hanging in the air.
   Answer: False
   Correct statement: Mist is the tiny droplets of water hanging in the air.

3. The sub – surface runoff is usually referred as interflow.
    Answer: True

VI. Answer in brief

  1. Write a short note on aquifer.
    Answer:
    An aquifer is an underground layer of water – bearing rock.

 2. Define “hydrological cycle”.
     Answer:
     Hydrologic cycle is a global sun – driven process where water is transported from oceans to atmosphere, from atmosphere to land and from land back to oceans.

3. How is the dew formation takes place?
    Answer:
    Dew is a water droplet formed by the condensation of water vapour on a relatively cold surface of an object. It forms when the temperature of an object drops below the dew point temperature.

4. Write a short note on surface run – off.
    Answer:
    Surface Runoff is the portion of rainfall, which enters the stream immediately after the rainfall. It occurs, when the rainfall is longer, heavier and exceeds the rate of infiltration. In this condition the excess water makes a head over the ground surface, which tends to move from one place to another following land gradient and is known as overland flow. When the overland flow joins the streams, channels or oceans, it is termed as surface runoff or surface flow.

VII. Give reasons

  1. Infiltration of water is low in the region of non – porous soil.
    Answer:
    Water entering the soil at the surface of the ground is termed as infiltration. Infiltration allows the soil temporarily to store water, the rate of infiltration is influenced by the physical characteristics of the soil, vegetative cover, moisture content of the soil, soil temperature and rainfall intensity.

2. Fresh water is less on the earth.
    Answer:
    Most of the water on the earth is saline and is found in seas and oceans, which constitutes about 97.2%.

3. Snowfall is common in the polar region and mountainous regions.
    Answer:

  1. The precipitation in the form of powdery mass of ice is known as snowfall.
  2. Often water vapour in a cloud is converted directly into snow pieces due to lowering of temperature.
  3. It is common in the polar and high mountainous regions.

VIII. Answer in a paragraph

  1. Explain the different stages involved in the hydrological cycle.
    Answer:
    The three important phases of the hydrologic cycle are:
  • Evapotranspiration,
  • Precipitation and
  • Runoff.

1. Evapotranspiration:
It is defined as the total loss of water from the earth through evaporation from the surface water bodies and the transpiration from vegetation. In cropped area, it is difficult to determine the evaporation and transpiration separately. Therefore it is collectively called as evapotranspiration.

2. Precipitation:
It refers to all forms of water that fall from clouds and reaches the earth’s surface. For the occurrence of precipitation, cloud droplets or ice crystals must grow heavy enough to fall through the air. When the droplets grow large in size, they tend to all. While moving down, by collecting some small droplets, they become heavy enough to fall out of the cloud as raindrops.

3. Runoff:
Runoff is the water that is pulled by gravity across land’s surface. It replenishes groundwater and surface water as it percolates into an aquifer (it is an underground layer of water – bearing rock) or moves into a river, stream or watershed. It comes from unabsorbed water from rain, snowmelt, irrigation or other sources, comprising a significant element in the water cycle as well as the water supply when it drains into a watershed. Runoff is also a major contributor to the erosion which carves out canyons, gorges and related landforms.

2. Distinguish between evaporation and transpiration.
    Answer:
    Evaporation:

  • Process in which the liquid form of water changes into gaseous form.
  • Rate of evaporation is affected by temperature, Areal extent of surface water, wind and the atmospheric humidity.
  • 90% moisture in the atmosphere is contributed through evaporation.

    Transpiration:

  • Process by which the water content in the plant is released into the atmosphere in the form of water vapour.
  • Rate of Transpiration is affected temperature, wind and humidity.
  • 10% moisture is contributed through Transpiration.

3. Give a detailed explanation on different forms of precipitation.
    Answer:
Forms of Precipitation:
The form of precipitation in a region depends on the kind of weather or the climate of the region. Common types of precipitation include rain, sleet, freezing rain, hail and snow.

Rain:
The precipitation in the form of water droplets is called rain. The precipitation in which the size of rain drops are <0.5 mm in diameter is known as drizzle and the . rain drops with >0.5 mm in diameter is known as rain. Generally drizzle takes place from stratus clouds.

Sleet:
The precipitation which takes place in the form of mixture of water droplets and tiny particles of ice(5mm in diameter) is known as sleet. Sometimes raindrops fall through a layer of air below 0°C. As they fall, the raindrops freeze into solid particles of ice. So, the mixture of water droplets and ice particles would fall on the earth surface.

Freezing Rain:
At other times raindrops falling through cold air near the ground do not freeze in the air. Instead, the raindrops freeze when they touch a cold surface. This is called freezing rain.

Hail:
The precipitation which consists of round pellets of ice which are larger than 5 mm in diameter is called hail or hailstones. A hailstone starts as an ice pellet inside a cold region of a cloud.

Snow:
Often water vapour in a cloud is converted directly into snow pieces due to lowering of temperature. The precipitation in the form of powdery mass of ice is known as snowfall. It is common in the polar and high mountainous regions.

4. Explain the run – off and its types.
    Answer:
Runoff is the water that is pulled by gravity across land’s surface. It replenishes groundwater and surface water as it percolates into an aquifer (it is an underground layer of water-bearing rock) or moves into a river, stream or watershed.

Types of Runoff:
Based on the time interval between the instance of rainfall and generation of runoff, the runoff may be classified into following three types

1. Surface Runoff:
It is the portion of rainfall, which enters the stream immediately after the rainfall. It occurs, when the rainfall is longer, heavier and exceeds the rate of infiltration. In this condition the excess water makes a head over the ground surface, which tends to move from one place to another following land gradient and is known as overland flow. When the overland flow joins the streams, channels or oceans, it is termed as surface runoff or surface flow.

2. Sub – Surface Runoff:
The water that has entered the subsoil and moves laterally without joining the water-table to the streams, rivers or oceans is known as sub- surface runoff. The sub – surface runoff is usually referred as interflow.

3. Base Flow:
It is a flow of underground water from a saturated ground water zone to a water channel. It usually appears at a downstream location where the channel elevation is lower than the groundwater table. Groundwater provides the stream flow during dry periods of small or no precipitation.

Activity

Find out the missing components of hydrologic cycle in the given diagram and fill it up appropriately.

Answer:

  1. Evaporation
  2. Condensation
  3. Precipitation
  4. Transpiration
  5. Runoff
  6. Infiltration
  7. Ground water recharge (Percolation)

 

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(10th) SSLCsamacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

10th Social Science – Geography Book Back Questions & Answers (Solution) – 5. India – Population, Transport. Communication & Trade

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

10th Social Science – Geography Book Back

& Questions Answers (solution)

5. India – Population, Transport. Communication & Trade

 

I. Choose the correct answer:

1. The scientific study of different aspects of population is called
a) Photography
b) Demography
c) Choreography
d) Population density

Answer: b) Demography 

2. The state with highest literacy rate as epr 2011 senses is _______
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Karnataka
c) Kerala
d) Uttar Pradesh

Answer: c) Kerala 

3. HunaI Development is measured in terms of __________
a) Human Resource Index
b) Per capita index
c) Human Development Index                                                                                  d)UNDP

Answer: c) Human Development Index 

4. _______ transport provides door to door services.
a) Railways
b) Roadways
c) Airways
d) waterways

Answer: b) Roadways 

5. The length of Golden Quadrilateral superhighways in india is
a) 5846km
b) 5847km
c) 5849 km
d) 5800 km

Answer: a) 5846km 

6. The length of navigable inland waterways in india is
a) 17,500km
b) 5000km
c) 14,500 km
d) 1000 km

Answer: c) 14,500 km 

7. The National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) is located at __________
a) Bengaluru
b) Chennai
c) Delhi
d) Hyderabad

Answer: d) Hyderabad

8. The transport useful in the inaccessible areas is
a) Roadways
b) Railways
c) Airways
d) Waterways

Answer: c) Airways 

9. Which of the following is associated with helicopter service?
a) Air India
b) Indian Airlines
c) Vayudoot
d) Pavan Hans

Answer: d) Pavan Hans

10. The major import item of India is
a) cement
b) jewells
c) tea
d) petroleum

Answer: d) petroleum

II. Match the following

1 Border Road Organisation   – a) Satellite communication
2 INSAT                               – b) Impact of Urbanization
3 Mazagaon Dock                 – c) 1990
4 Urban sprawl                     – d) Mumbai
5 Konkan Railways                – e) 1960
– f) Hyderabad

Answer: 1-e; 2-a; 3-d; 4-b; 5-c

III. Answer the following Questions briefly

1. What is Human Development?
2. What is migration? State its types.
3. Write any four advantages of railways.
4. Write a note on Pipeline network transport in India
5. State the major Inland waterways of India
6. What is communication? What are its types?
7. Define “International trade”.
8. State the merits of Roadways.

IV. Distinguish between

1. Density of population and Growth of population.
2. Personal communication and mass communication.                                                     3. Print Media and Electronic Media.
4. Roadways and Railways.
5. Waterways and Airways.
6. Internal trade and International trade.

V. Answer the following in a paragraph

1. What is urbanization? Explain its impacts.
2. Explain the importances of satellite communication in India.
3. Bring out the distribution and density of population in India.
4. Explain the process of measuring Human Development.
5. Classify and explain the roadways in India.

VI. On the outline map of India mark the following

1. National Highway NH-7
2. Major seaports in India.
3. Major International Airports in India.
4. Densely populated state of India.
5. State of highest literacy in India
6. Railways zones of India.

 

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(10th) SSLCsamacheer kalvi Book Back Answers

10th Social Science – Geography Book Back Questions & Answers (Solution) – 1. India –Location Relief and Drainage

by Firoz Umrah
written by Firoz Umrah

 

10th Social Science – Geography Book Back

& Questions Answers (solution)

1. India –Location Relief and Drainage

I. Choose the correct answer:

1. The north-south extent of India is
a) 2,500 km
b) 2,933km
c) 3,214km
d) 2,814km

Answer: c) 3,214km

2. The southern most point of India is
a) Andaman
b) Kanyakumari
c) Indira point
d) Kavaratu

Answer: b) Kanyakumari

3. The extent of Humalayas in the east-west is about
a) 2,500 km
b) 2,400km
c) 800km
d) 2,200km

Answer: a) 2,500 km

4. _______river is known as “Sorrow of Bihar”.
a) Narmada
b) Godavari
c) Kosi
d) Damodar

Answer: c) Kosi

5. Deccan plateau covers an area of about ________ sq.km.
a) 8 lakh
b) 6 lakh
c) 5 lakh
d) 7 lakh

Answer: d) 7 lakh

6. A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred to as _________
a) coast
b) island
c) peninsula
d) strait

Answer: c) peninsula

7. The Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar separates India from _________
a) Goa
b) West Bengal
c) Sri Lanka
d) Maldives

Answer: c) Sri Lanka

8. The highest peak in South India is
a) Ooty
b) Kodaikanal
c) Anaimudi
d) Jindhagada

Answer: c) Anaimudi

9. ___________ plains ar formed by the older alluviums.
a) Bhabar
b) Tarai
c) Bhangar
d) Khadar

Answer: c) Bhangar

10. Pulicat Lake is located between the states of
a) West Bengal and Odisha                                                                                              b) Karnataka and Kerala                                                                                                  c) Odisha and Andhra pradesh                                                                                      d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

Answer: d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

II. Match the following:

1. Tsangpo –                         a) Tributary of River Ganga
2. Yamuna –                         b) Highest peak in India
3. New alluvium –                 c) River Brahmaputra in Tibet
4. Mt. Godwin Austen (K2) –  d) Southern part of East Coastal Plain
5. Coromandel Coast –          e) Khadhar

Answer: 1-c; 2-a; 3-e; 4-b; 5-d

III. Give Reasons

1. Himalayas are called young fold moutains
2. North Indian Rivers are perennial
3. Chottanagpur Plateau is rich in mineral resources
4. The great Indian desert is called Marusthali
5. The Eastern states are called seven sisters
6. The river Gothavari is often referred as Vridha Ganga.

IV. Distinguish between the following

1. Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.
2. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.
3. Himadri and Himachal.
4. Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains.

V. Answer in brief

1. Name the neighbouring countries of India.
2. Give the importance of IST.
3. Write a short note on Deccan Plateau.
4. State the west following rivers of India.
5. Write a brief note on the island group of Lakshadweep

VI. Answer in a paragraph

1. Explain the divisions of Northern Mountains and its importance to India.
2. Give an account on the major peninsular rivers of India.
3. Give a detailed account on the basin of the Ganga.

VII. Map exercises

Mark the following in the outline map of India

1. Major mountain ranges – Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Aravalli, Western Ghats, Eastern       Ghats.
2. Major rivers – Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra, Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari,                Krishna & Kaveri.
3. Major plateaus – Malwa, Chotanagpur, Deccan.

 

VIII. Activities

1. Observe the Peninsular Plateau map of India and mark the major plateau divisions of          India
2. Prepare a table showing the major West flowing and East flowing rivers of peninsular          India.
3. Assume that you are travelling from West Bengal to Gujarat along the beautiful coasts
of India. Find out the states which you would pass through?

4. Find out the states through which the river Ganga flows.
5. Prepare a table showing the major rivers in India and find out it’s tributaries, origin,
length and area.

 

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