Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi 8th Social Science History Solutions Term 2 – Chapter 1 Educational Development in India – English Medium

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8th Social Science – History Book Back

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 Term 2

1. Educational Development in India

8th Social Science History Solutions Term 2 – Chapter 1 Educational Development in India Tamilnadu Samacheer Kalvi – English Medium

I. Choose the correct answer

  1. The word ‘Veda’ is derived from ………
    (a) Sanskrit
    (b) Latin
    (c) Prakrit
    (d) Pauli
    Answer: (a) Sanskrit

2. Which of the following was an important center for the learning in the ancient period?
(a) Gurukula
(b) Viharas
(c) Pauli
(d) All of these
Answer: (a) Gurukula

3. Nalanda, the oldest university in India was located in –
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Bihar
(d) Punjab
Answer: (c) Bihar

4. When did the UNESCO declare Takshashila as world heritage site?
(a) 1970
(b) 1975
(c) 1980
(d) 1985
Answer: (c) 1980

5. Which European country were the first to start Modern System of Education in India?
(a) British
(b) Danish
(c) French
(d) Portuguese
Answer: (d) Portuguese

6. Which of the following Charter Act made a provision for an annual grant one lakhs Rupees for the promotion of Education in India?
(a) Charter Act of 1813
(b) Charter Act of 1833
(c) Charter Act of 1853
(d) Charter Act of 1858
Answer: (a) Charter Act of 1813

7. Which of the following Commission recommended to constitute the University Grants Commission?
(a) Sergeant Report, 1944
(b) Radhakrishnan Commission, 1948
(c) Kothari Commission, 1964
(d) National Education Policy, 1968
Answer: (b) Radhakrishnan Commission, 1948

8. In which year the New Education Policy was introduced in India?
(a) 1992
(b) 2009
(c) 1986
(d) 1968
Answer: (c) 1986

II. Fill in the Blanks

  1. The word ‘Veda’ means ………
  2. Taxila ruins were discovered by ………..
  3. ………. was the first ruler to establish a madrasa at Delhi.
  4. The New Education Policy was revised in ………….
  5. ……….. is the primary vehicle for implementing the provisions of the Right to Education Act of (RTE) 2009.
  6. Mid – day meal program was introduced in schools in ………

Answers:

  1. Knowledge
  2. Archaeologist Alexander Cunningham
  3. Iltutmish
  4. 1992
  5. SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan)
  6. 1956

III. Match the following

  1. I – Tsing – Saraswathi Mahal
  2. Francis Xavier – Magnacarta of Indian Education
  3. Wood’s Despatch – Western Education in Madras
  4. Sarafoji II – University at Kochin
  5. Sir Thomas Munroe – Chinese scholar

Answer:

  1. I – Tsing – Chinese scholar
  2. Francis Xavier – University at Kochin
  3. Wood’s Despatch – Magnacarta of Indian Education
  4. Sarafoji II – Saraswathi Mahal
  5. Sir Thomas Munroe – Western Education in Madras

IV. State True or False

  1. The writings of Charaka and Sushrutha were the sources of learning of medicine.
  2. Temples were the centers of learning and played an active role in the promotion of knowledge.
  3. The Jataka tales tell us that the kings and society took an active interest in promoting education.
  4. Women education in India was not prevalent during the medieval period.
  5. The RMSA scheme was implemented during tenth Five Year Plan.

Answer:

  1. True
  2. True
  3. True
  4. True
  5. False

V. Consider the following statements and tick the appropriate answer

1. (i) The Nalanda University was founded in fifth century C.E
(ii) In ancient India teachers had complete autonomy in all aspects from selection of students to designing their syllabi
(iii) In ancient times the teacher was called Kanakkayar.
(iv) The famous college during the Chola period was Kandhalur salai.

(a) i and ii are correct iii and iv are correct
(b) ii and iv are correct
(c) iii and iv are correct
(d) i, ii and iii are correct
Answer: (d) i, ii and iii are correct

2. Find out the Correct pair –
(a) Maktabs – Secondary School
(b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835 – English education
(c) Operation Blackboard – Secondary Education Commission
(d) Salabhogam – Lands were given to temples
Answer: (b) Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835 – English education

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences

1. Write about the importance of Gurukulas.
    Answer:

  1. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru / Acharya.
  2. Many of these Gurukulas were named after the sages. Situated in forests, in serve and peaceful surroundings, hundreds of students used to learn together in Gurukulas.
  3. This was known as ‘Gurukula System’ of education.

2. Name the most notable universities that evolved in ancient India.
    Answer:
The most notable universities the emerged during that period were situated at –

  1. Taxila
  2. Nalanda
  3. Valabhi
  4. Vikramshila
  5. Odantapuri
  6. Jagaddala

3. Write a short note on Taxila.
    Answer:

  1. Taxila was an ancient Indian city, which is now in north – western Pakistan.
  2. It is an important archaeological site and the UNESCO declared it as a world heritage site in 1980.
  3. Its fame rested on the university where Chanakya is said to have composed his Arthashastra.

4. Mention the education centres flourished in Cholas period?
    Answer:

  1. Rajaraja Chaturvedimangalam – Vedic College (Ennayiram in Former South Arcot District)
  2. Tirubuvanai – Vedic College (Pondicherry)
  3. Viravajendra – Medical School (Tiruvaduthurai)

5. Expand SSA and RMSA.
    Answer:

  1. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
  2. Rastriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)

6. What do you know about RTE.?
    Answer:
Right to Education (RTE) provides for free and compulsory education to all the children from the age of 6 to 14 years.

VII. Answer the following

1. What were the sources of .education in ancient India?
    Answer:
Education in Ancient India:

  1. The historical Sources provide the information that from very early times, the tradition on teaching and learning had been in vogue in India.
  2. The concept of Education might have originated from the Vedas.
  3. The literal meaning the Sanskrit word ‘Veda’ is knowledge and the word derived from the word Vid, which means ‘to know’.

    Gurukula System in ancient India :

  1. In ancient India, both formal and informal education existed.
  2. There were people in homes, villages and temples who guided young children in imbibing pious ways of life.
  3. Teaching was oral and students remembered and meditated upon what was taught in the Gurukulas Guru / Acharya.

2. Write a paragraph about the education under the British rule.
    Answer:
History of education in British rule can be divided into four periods.

  1. From the early days of the British rule upto 1813.
  2. Period from 1813 – 1853
  3. Period from 1854 – 1920
  4. Period from 1921 – 1947

1. From the early days of the British Rule:

  • The Company’s charter was renewed in 1813, which compelled the company to assume responsibility for the education of Indian’s, though on a very limited scale.
  • Missionaries, non-missionaries like Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal, Pachyappar of Madras, W. Frazer of Delhi contributed to the cause of education.

2. Period from 1813 – 1853:

  • The second period was also marked by great educational controversies concerning the issues of educational policy, medium of instruction and method of spreading education.
  • These controversies were partially set at rest by Macaulay’s Minutes of 1835.
  • It also encouraging English education for the upper classes.

3. Period from 1854 – 1920:

  • The Third phase of British – influenced education may be called the period of an All India Educational Policy.
  • It commenced with Sir Charles Wood’s Despatch in 1854.

4. Period from 1921 – 1947 :

  • This period may be called provincial autonomy.
  • The Act of 1935 ushered a new era of educational advancement through the country.
  • After the Second World War, a very important plan for educational development, known as the Sergeant Report (1944) was prepared.

3. Describe the National Policy on Education.
    Answer:

1. The First National Educational Policy of 1968,marked a significant step in the history of education in post independent India.

2. It aimed to promote national progress, culture and to strengthen national integration.

3. In 1986, the Government of India introduced a New Education Policy.

4. The aim of New Education Policy (NEP) was to transfer a static society into a vibrant one with a commitment to development and change. It emphasized an equal opportunities for marginalized – sections of the country and the removal of disparity through scholarships, adult education and open universities, especially for rural India.

5. The New Education Policy called for a child – centered approach in primary education.

6. This policy launched operation of Blackboard to improve primary schools nationwide.

7. The New Education Policy was revised again in 1992.

8. It envisaged the formulation of National Curriculum Framework, emphasis on in – service education,improvement of facilities and streamlining of the evaluation system at the secondary stage.

4. Give a detailed account on education under Cholas.
    Answer:
  The Chola Period :

  1. The Chola Period was the most brilliant and creative period in the Tamil Literature.
  2. Tamil education enjoyed a greater connection with religion and temple.
  3. Free education was given to people.
  4. The curriculum and syllabi had a theoretical background.
  5. From the inscription of that period, we. can now gain knowledge about the qualification of teacher, method of teaching etc.

    The education centres flourished in Chola’s Period:

  1. Rajaraja Chaturvedimangalam Vedic College (Ennayiram in Former South Arcot District).
  2. Tirubuvanai Vedic College (in Pondicherry)
  3. Viravajendra Medical School (in Tiruvaduthurai).

VIII. HOTs

1. How does the flagship programme of SSA achieve Universal Elementary                   Education?
    Answer:
The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the Government of India’s flagship programme that was launched in 2000 – 01 to achieve Universal Elementary Education (UEE). SSA is now the primary vehicle for implementing the provisions of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (2009) (RTE). Right To Education (RTE) provides for free and compulsory education to all the children from the age of 6 to 14 years. The SSA initiates a variety of innovation and activities related to schools.

IX. Mark the following places on the outline map of India

1. Nalanda
2. Taxila
3.Valabhi
4. Kanchi
5. Vikramshila
6. Delhi
7. Lucknow
8. Allahabad
9. Cochin
10. Calcutta
11. Madras
12. Chidambaram
Answer:

X. Project and Activity

1.Collect the pictures of ancient educational centres and prepare an album.
   Answer:
Activity to be done by the students.

2. Find out the historic importance of Nalanda, Taxila and prepare a power point        presentation on it.
    Answer:
Activity to be done by the students.

 

 

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