12th May 2020 Current Affairs in English

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12th May 2020 Current Affairs in English

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12th May 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. Makes Ventilator for non – ICU COVID-19 cases
  2. GI tags for Thanjavur Netti Works and Arumbavur wood carvings.
  3. 19 killed as Iranian warship is hit by missile in training accident
  4. issues guidelines for restarting Industries
  5. Trade union may move ILO against Labour law changes
  6. Prelims Point in News

1. NAL. Makes Ventilator for non ICU COVID-19 cases

Information in News

  • National Aerospace Laboratories, Bengaluru has developed its version of BiPAP, a non-invasive breathing support device, for the use of non-critical non-ICU cases of COVID-19.
  • The premier aerospace lab of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research used a spinoff aerospace technology to come out with the device.
  • The ventilator, named SwasthVayu, was developed in a record time of 36 days.
  • This is ideal for treating COVID-19 patients in wards, makeshift hospitals, dispensaries and home in the current Indian COVID-19 scenario.
  • BiPAP, with an externally connected oxygen concentrator, will be ideal to treat moderate or mid-stage severe COVID-19 patients who do not require intubation and invasive ventilation.
  • It has also begun the process of seeking regulatory approvals.
  • The device was developed based on global experiences and specific inputs from pulmonologists in India and abroad.
  • The machine is simple to use without needing specialised nursing, is cost effective, compact and configured mostly with indigenous components.
  • The system has been certified for safety and performance by NABL accredited agencies. The system has undergone stringent biomedical tests and beta clinical trials at the NAL Health Centre.

 2. GI tags for Thanjavur Netti Works and Arumbavur wood carvings.

Information in News

  • A GI tag is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation by virtue of their geographical association. The tag conveys an assurance of quality and distinctiveness, which is essentially attributable to the geographical origin of the product. The owner of the GI tag has exclusive rights over the product.

Thanjavur Netti Works

  • Thanjavur Netti Works (Thanjavur Pith Work) is made from
  • The pith is obtained from netti, a hydrophyte plant called as Aeschynomene aspera.
  • The lakes around Pudukottai (Pudukullam & Kallaperumbur lake) are surrounded with marshy land which favours the growth of the hydrophytic plant.
  • The soil found in Thanjavur is favourable for the growth of the plant that is used for the production of pith handicraft based in Thanjavur.
  • The notable works from Thanjavur Netti Works include models of the Brihadeeshwara Temple, Hindu idols, garlands, door hangings and show pieces used for decoration.
  • The pith stems are found in and around the Thanjavur region and Mannargudi.

Arumbavur Wood Carving

  • Arumbavur Wood Carving is done at Arumbavur and around the Veppanthattai taluk of Perambalur district.
  • The wood carvings are primarily made out of wooden logs of Indian siris (Poo Vaagai, Albizia lebbeck), mango (Mangifera indica), lingam tree (Mavilangam), Indian ash tree (Othiyan – Odina wodier), rosewood, neem tree (Vembu – Azadirachta indica).
  • The carvings in Arambavur Wood Carvings are often inspired by architectural details on temple sculptures and carvings.
  • The dimensions of the wood blocks used depend on the wooden sculpture to be carved.
  • The descriptions and designs which inspire the work lie in temple architecture indigenous to the region.
  • Usually, the statues are crafted in the range of 1 to 12 feet.
  • Sculptures of Lord Vinayaka, Goddess Saraswati, Lord Krishna, Lord Siva and Goddess Parvathi can be seen in Arumbavur Wood Carvings, along with motifs such as hamsa/mythical swans, poomakhumbhal cornucopia, kaamadhenu, other floral motifs; temple chariots and temple cars used during processions of deities, figures of Christ, Dasavatara panels, avatars of Goddess Laksmi and vahanas for temple deities among numerous other designs.

 3. 19 killed as Iranian warship is hit by missile in training accident

Information in News

  • An Iranian missile fired happened near the port of Jask, some 1,270 km southeast of Tehran, during a training exercise in the Gulf of Oman struck a support vessel near its target, killing 19 sailors and wounding 15, Iran’s state media reported on Monday, amid heightened tensions between Tehran and the U.S.

Konarak

  • The Konarak, a Hendijan-class support ship, which was taking part in the exercise,
  • The Konarak had been overhauled in 2018 and was able to launch sea and anti-ship missiles.
  • The Dutch-made, 47-meter vessel was in service since 1988 and had capacity of 40 tonnes. It usually carries a crew of 20 sailors.
  • Iran regularly holds exercises in the region, which is closed to the strategic Strait of Hormuz, the narrow mouth of the Persian Gulf through which 20% of the world’s oil passes. The U.S. Navy’s 5th Fleet, which monitors the region, did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
  • This incident also comes amid months of heightened tensions between Iran and the U.S. since President Donald Trump unilaterally withdrew from Tehran’s nuclear deal with world powers in 2018 and imposed crushing sanctions on the country.

 4. Govt. issues guidelines for restarting Industries

Information in News

The Tamil Nadu government issued guidelines for restarting manufacturing industries post lockdown.

When restarting units, industries should consider

  • The first week as the trial or test-run period, and ensure adherence to safety protocols. To minimise risk, employees who work on specific equipment must be made aware of the need to identify abnormalities.
  • The storage of raw material and manufacturing processes (carrying to tightness test, service test and vacuum hold test, among others).
  • Temperature checks have to be undertaken on all employees twice a day, and workers showing symptoms should not report for duty.
  • The importance of hand sanitisers, COVID-19awareness and quarantine and physical distancing measures were among the aspects highlighted in the guidelines.
  • Factories have to prepare accommodation to isolate workers, if needed.
  • HR has to help manage the whole process for the individual, and all travelling employees must undergo a mandatory 14-day quarantine.

 5. Trade union may move ILO against Labour law changes

Information in News

  • Ten central trade unions said they were considering lodging a complaint with the International Labour Organisation (ILO) against the “anti-worker” changes in the labour laws in some States, which they said was at the instance of the Central government.
  • Central trade unions consider these moves as an inhuman crime and brutality on the working people, besides being gross violation of the Right to Freedom of Association [ILO Convention 87], Rights to Collective Bargaining [ILO Convention 98] and also the internationally accepted norm of eight hour working day – espoused by core conventions of ILO. The ILO Convention 144 in regard to tripartism has also been undermined by the government.

International Labour Organisation

  • The only tripartite (employers , workers and member States) U.N. agency, since 1919 the ILO brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 member States , to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.
  • The ILO has 187 state members. 186 of the 193 member states of the United Nations plus the Cook Islands are members of the ILO.
  • The UN member states which are not members of the ILO are Andorra, Bhutan, Liechtenstein, Micronesia, Monaco, Nauru, and North Korea.
  • The ILO aims to ensure that it serves the needs of working women and men by bringing together governments, employers and workers to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes.
  • By promoting a social dialogue between trade unions and employers in formulating, and where appropriate, implementing national policy on social, economic, and many other issues.
  • It was created in 1919, as part of theTreaty of that ended World War I, to reflect the belief that universal and lasting peace can be accomplished only if it is based on social justice.
  • 2030 Agenda, – The importance of decent work in achieving sustainable development is highlighted by Goal 8 which aims to “promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all”.
  • India is a founder member of the International Labour Organization, which came into existence in 1919.
  • At present the ILO has 186 Members.

Organs of ILO

The three organs of the ILO are:

  • International Labour Conferences: – General Assembly of the ILO – Meets every year in the month of June.
  • Governing Body: – Executive Council of the ILO. Meets three times in a year in the months of March, June and November.
  • International Labour Office: – A permanent secretariat.
  • The work of the Conference and the Governing Body is supplemented by Regional Conferences, Regional Advisory Committees, Industrial and Analogous Committees, Committee of Experts, Panels of Consultants, Special Conference and meetings, etc.

Core Conventions of the ILO

The eight Core Conventions of the ILO (also called fundamental/human rights conventions) are:

  1. Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
  2. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No.105)
  3. Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
  4. Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention (No.111)
  5. Minimum Age Convention (No.138)
  6. Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No.182)

(The above Six have been ratified by India)

  1. Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organised Convention (No.87)
  2. Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (No.98)

(These two have not been ratified by India)

Prelims Point in News

  1. The National Technology Day is observed on May 11 to commemorate the nuclear tests conducted at Pokhran in 1998.
  2. A GI tag is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities or a reputation by virtue of their geographical association. The tag conveys an assurance of quality and distinctiveness, which is essentially attributable to the geographical origin of the product. The owner of the GI tag has exclusive rights over the product.
  3. The first tribal settlement in Kerala to have received the community forest rights, Vazhachal tribal communities.
  4. The areas in the Sangam forest range have many active wildlife poachers and they have been illegally catching mahseer – a large freshwater fish – in the Cauvery.

  5. Deepa Malik

  • Deepa Malik, the first Indian woman to claim a medal in the Paralympic Games, has retired from active sports, a decision she took before becoming the Paralympic Committee of India president earlier this year but revealed only on Monday.
  • The 49-year-old, who won a silver in shot put F53 category in the 2016 Rio Paralympics, was elected PCI president in the elections held in February under the directives of Delhi High Court.
  • Malik was bestowed the country’s highest sporting honour  the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna last year.

6. Gandhi Peace Prize

  • The Union Ministry of Culture extended nominations for Gandhi Peace Prize 2020 from April 30 to June 15.
  • The annual award was instituted by the Government of India in 1995 as a part of the 125th anniversary celebration of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • The award carries an amount of Rs 1Crore, a Citation in a scroll, a plaque as well as an exquisite traditional handicraft/handloom item.

7. Tennis star Sania Mirza

  • Tennis star Sania Mirza became the first Indian to win the Fed Cup Heart Award for her successful return to the court post-motherhood.
  • Sania won the award for Asia/Oceania zone after securing more than 10,000 votes out of the total 16,985 online votes cast for this year’s three regional Group I nominees.
  • Helped India qualify for the play-offs for the first time in history, has decided to donate the $2000 prize money to the Telangana Chief Minister’s Relief Fund.
  • The award is an International Tennis Federation initiative to recognise those Fed Cup players who represent their countries with distinction, show exceptional courage on court and demonstrate outstanding commitment to the ideals of the competition.
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